Definition and Examples of Replacives in English

Definition and Examples of Replacives in English In English sentence structure and morphology, a replacive is a word component that substitutes for another component inside a stem. For instance, the e in men (the plural type of man) is viewed as a replacive component. Replacives areâ considered to be allomorphs, notes Philip Orazio Tartaglia. All the more explicitly, the replacive associated with going from goose to geese is an allomorph of the plural morpheme. Along these lines, we see that young men, felines, roses, bulls, sheep, and geese, all contain the plural morpheme however each contains aâ different allomorph of the plural morpheme (Problems in the Construction of a Theory of Natural Language).â Models and Observations The term [replacive] is especially utilized in the name replacive transform or replacive morpheme to empower unpredictable structures, for example, men from man and sang or sung from sing to be portrayed in morphemic terms, in spite of falling outside the direct guidelines for framing thing plurals or past action word shapes by the expansion of inflections.(Sylvia Chalker and Edmund Weiner, Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1994)Tooth and Teeth: One Word or Two?-  [A] manufactured, tooth-hued material the consistency of mixture is synthetically melded onto recolored, chipped, broadly separated, or deformed teeth and formed into whatever new shape is desired.(Justine De Lacy, The New Skin of Your Teeth. New York, August 3, 1981)- Consider then the sentences This tooth needs consideration and These teeth need consideration. Are tooth and teeth examples of a similar word or of various words? In one sense they are unmistakably unique: they contrast in elocu tion, spelling, which means and in their syntactic conduct. In another sense, notwithstanding, they are indications of a solitary component, and without a doubt they are customarily supposed to be types of a similar word. We along these lines have two particular ideas here, the subsequent more theoretical than the primary: I will utilize word in the less dynamic detect and present the term lexeme for the more conceptual one. Subsequently I will say that tooth and teeth are various words, however types of a similar lexeme. . . .All the more unequivocally, we will say that tooth and teeth are diverse inflectional types of tooth, and will talk about solitary and plural here as inflectional properties. Thus with action words: sang and sung, for instance, are individually the past tense and the past participle types of the lexeme sing.(Rodney Huddleston, English Grammar: An Outline. Cambridge University Press, 1988) Action words Derived From Nouns[W]e treat thing plurals in English, for example, men, feet, mice, teeth as happening with replacives (for example substitutions which are morphemic). . . . Replacive morphemes . . . may comprise of segmental or suprasegmental phonemes . . .. A somewhat rarer kind of substitution is spoken to by the English arrangement shower : wash, sheath : sheathe, wreath : wreathe, teeth : teethe, safe : spare, struggle : endeavor, cheat : steal, despondency : lament, half : split, rack : hold, serf : serve, guidance : exhort, house/haws/: house/hawz/, and so on. In each pair, the thing has a voiceless continuant, the action word a voiced continuant. On the off chance that we consent to get the action words from the things, we set up three replacive components . . .; yet since these three components show a phonetic-semantic similarity to one another, and since their event is phonologically molded, we join them into a solitary replacive morpheme.(Eugene A. Nida, The Identification of Morphemes. Morphology: Critical Concepts in Linguistics, ed. by Francis Katamba. Routledge, 2004)

Jenny Lind - Swedish Opera Singer Promoted By P.T. Barnum

Jenny Lind - Swedish Opera Singer Promoted By P.T. Barnum Jenny Lind was an European drama star who came to America in 1850 for a visit advanced by the extraordinary entertainer Phineas T. Barnum. At the point when her boat showed up in New York Harbor, the city went insane. An enormous horde of in excess of 30,000 New Yorkers welcomed her. Also, makes that particularly amazing that nobody in America had ever heard her voice. Barnum, who savored being known as The Prince of Humbug, had figured out how to make amazing fervor dependent on Linds notoriety as The Swedish Nightinagle. The American visit went on for around year and a half, with Jenny Lind showing up in excess of 90 shows in American urban communities. Any place she went, her open picture of a righteous lark who dressed unobtrusively and gave cash to nearby causes increased good notices in the papers. After about a year, Lind split from Barnums the board. In any case, the air made by Barnum in advancing a vocalist nobody in America had even heard got incredible, and here and there made a layout for the big time advancement that suffers to the cutting edge time. Early Life of Jenny Lind Jenny Lind was conceived October 6, 1820 to a devastated and unmarried mother in Stockholm, Sweden. Her folks were the two artists, and youthful Jenny started singing at an early age. As a kid she started formal music exercises, and by the age of 21 she was singing in Paris. She came back to Stockholm and acted in various dramas. All through the 1840s her notoriety developed in Europe. In 1847 she acted in London for Queen Victoria, and her capacity to make swarms swoon got amazing. Phineas T. Barnum Heard About, But Had Not Heard, Jenny Lind The American player Phineas T. Barnum, who worked a very mainstream gallery in New York City and was known for displaying the humble hotshot General Tom Thumb, found out about Jenny Lind and sent an agent to make a proposal to carry her to America. Jenny Lind drove a hard deal with Barnum, requesting that he store what could be compared to almost $200,000 in a London bank as a development installment before she would sail to America. Barnum needed to acquire the cash, however he orchestrated her to come to New York and set out on a show voyage through the United States. Barnum, obviously, was facing an extensive challenge. In the prior days recorded sound, individuals in America, including Barnum himself, had not in any case heard Jenny Lind sing. However, Barnum knew her notoriety for exciting groups, and set to work making Americans energized. Lind had gained another epithet, â€Å"The Swedish Nightingale,† and Barnum ensured that Americans found out about her. Instead of advance her as a genuine melodic ability, Barnum made it sound like Jenny Lind was some mysterious being honored with an eminent voice. 1850 Arrival in New York City Jenny Lind cruised from Liverpool, England, in August 1850 on board the steamship Atlantic. As the liner entered New York harbor, signal banners let swarms realize that Jenny Lind was showing up. Barnum drew closer in a little pontoon, loaded up the steamship, and met his star just because. As the Atlantic moved toward its dock at the foot of Canal Street monstrous groups started to assemble. As indicated by a book distributed in 1851, Jenny Lind in America, â€Å"some thirty or forty thousand individuals must have more likely than not been gathered together on the neighboring wharfs and transportation, just as on all the rooftops and in all the windows fronting the water.† The New York police needed to push back the tremendous groups so Barnum and Jenny Lind could take a carriage to her lodging, the Irving House on Broadway. As night fell a motorcade of New York fire organizations, conveying lights, accompanied a gathering of nearby artists who played serenades to Jenny Lind. Columnists evaluated the group that night atâ more than 20,000 revelers. Barnum had prevailing with regards to attracting tremendous groups to Jenny Lind before she had even sung a solitary note in America. First Concert in America During her first week in New York, Jenny Lind made journeys to different show corridors with Barnum, to see which may be sufficient to hold her shows. Groups followed their advancement about the city, and expectation for her shows continued developing. Barnum at long last declared that Jenny Lind would sing at Castle Garden. Also, as interest for tickets was so extraordinary, he declared that the primary tickets would be sold by sell off. The bartering was held, and the main pass to a Jenny Lind show in America was sold for $225, a costly show pass by today’s guidelines and an essentially amazing sum in 1850. The vast majority of the passes to her first show sold for around six dollars, however the exposure encompassing somebody paying more than $200 for a ticket filled its need. Individuals across America read about it, and it appeared the entire nation was interested to hear her. Lind’s first New York City show was held at Castle Garden on September 11, 1850, preceding a horde of around 1,500. She sang determinations from shows, and got done with another tune composed for her as a salute to the United States. At the point when she had completed, the group thundered and requested that Barnum make that big appearance. The extraordinary actor came out and gave a concise discourse where he expressed that Jenny Lind would give a part of the returns from her shows to American foundations. The group went wild. American Concert Tour Wherever she went there was a Jenny Lind lunacy. Groups welcomed her and each show sold out almost right away. She sang in Boston, Philadelphia, Washington, DC, Richmond, Virginia, and Charleston, South Carolina. Barnum even organized her to sail to Havana, Cuba, where she sang a few shows before cruising to New Orleans. In the wake of performing shows in New Orleans, she cruised up the Mississippi on a riverboat. She acted in a congregation in the town of Natchez to a fiercely grateful natural crowd. Her visit proceeded to St. Louis, Nashville, Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and different urban areas. Groups ran to hear her, and the individuals who couldn’t hear get tickets wondered about her liberality, as papers ran reports of the altruistic commitments she was making en route. Sooner or later Jenny Lind and Barnum went separate ways. She kept acting in America, however without Barnum’s abilities at advancement she was not as large a draw. With the enchantment apparently gone, she came back to Europe in 1852. Jenny Lind’s Later Life Jenny Lind wedded an artist and conductor she had met on her American visit, and they settled in Germany. By the late 1850s they moved to England, where she was still very popular. She becameâ ill during the 1880s, and kicked the bucket in 1887, at 67 years old. Her tribute in the Times of London evaluated that her American visit had earned her $3 million, with Barnum making a few times more.

So You Wanna Be a Doctor

So You Wanna Be a Doctor Ill give you snippets of three actual conversations first. I. I was chatting with this guy at one of my med school interviews HIM: So where do you go to school? ME: Oh, I go to school in Boston. HIM: Do you go to Harvard? ME: No! HIM: MIT? ME: Yes HIM: Funny how Harvard and MIT kids always tell people that they go to school in Boston.' I never thought about it, but if you must press me for a reason, I do feel like sometimes saying oh, yeah, I go to MIT sounds rather pretentious, so Ive unconsciously continually opted to say Boston, rather than MIT directly. Its almost like that with being Premed at MIT. II. For some reason, people HATE admitting that they are premed at MIT consider the following exchange: HIM: So what course are you? YOU: Uh7. (or 9, or 10B) HIM: What do you want to do after you graduate? YOU: Uhgo to med school. HIM: Oh, youre a premed? YOU: Yeahhhh.. This happens all the time at MIT. III. Additionally, premeds like to say that they are different from all the other premeds. cf. HIM: You know, that 7.20 test was hard! I hope the curve isnt too harsh though, but considering how there are so many premeds in that class YOU: Uh, arent you a premed too? HIM: Yeah, but Im not one of those premeds. Ill admit upfront that Im definitely guilty of both II and III. Part of the reason why Im reluctant to say Im premed sometimes is really because premeds get a bad rep as people with no life and study all day, or simply neurotic overachievers. At the risk of violating III again, I just want to establish some ground rules about the kind of premed that I am, so you know the perspective that Im writing this article from. If you are considering being premed at MIT, you will definitely meet other MIT premeds who will tell you their angle of the story, but heres my honest assessment of being a premed at MIT. I. I didnt come to MIT intending to be premed. My father is an urologist, and when I was growing up, he consistently told me that if you dont enjoy medicine, its not worth your time or energy. I came to MIT wanting to be a chemical engineer. If you ask Matt McGann, he can dig up the essay on my MIT application where I wrote about my fascination with chemistry. To make a long story really short, I became interested in medicine after working with Chinese immigrants my freshman year of college, and since then I have worked with immigrants across three Chinatowns in America (Boston, SF-Oakland, NYC-Queens). I spent my past two summers participating in internships that gave me direct exposure with immigrant patients. This, combined with my disintest in engineering (too much programming and technical aspectsI like studying the philosophy of science, not so much the nitty-gritty of building something), incentivized me to switch from 10 to maybe 20 to finally 7. (in reality I should have been 9 , but thats another long story :p) II. This is how my last cycle turned out, from June 22, 2010 (when I submitted my AMCAS Primary) to right now. The MCAT scores and the GPA are all accurate. (note: we dont get 0.3 or 0.7 for plusses and minuses in GPA grades are assigned strictly by letter grade for the external transcript) CLICK III. Now that youve seen my stats compared against MITs Premed Data stats, we can talk a bit more freely: My MCAT is slightly above the MIT Accepted Mean (36 vs. 35), and my GPA is slightly below the MIT Accepted Mean (3.71 vs. 3.73 adjusted from MITs 5 point scale to 4 pointthe 5 point scale is rather silly because as long as you dont fail any classes, simply -1 from your MIT GPA to find the normal GPA). There is no reference Science GPA (also known as the BCPM GPA, or the average of your GPA in Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and Mathematics classes ONLY), but I will venture to say that is the Achilles heel of my application. 3.50 is rather low, and I expect accepted MIT Premeds to have numbers around the 3.6-3.8 range. In terms of my GPA distribution, my science GPA is 3.50, but my non-science GPA is 3.92 (my entire History major is in this category). This probably gives you a sense of my strengths vs. weaknesses ;) I applied to 23 schools, and received 5 acceptances (which is comparable to the average 3.5 acceptances by MIT applicants). I am attending Mount Sinai School of Medicine. IV. In April, I submitted a rebuttal column in response to this column posted in the Tech around CPW, which I consider to be overly optimistic to the point of naivety. I fully stand by what I have written, and some of the arguments I made in the column will be fleshed out a bit more here. I will also point out the parts of the original article that I believe to be correct, and the extent to which they are correct. Premed @ MIT is special because you dont feel like youre directly competing against each other, which reduces a lot of the cutthroat culture seen in premeds elsewhere. Referring again to the MIT Premed Data, only around 3-5% of each graduating class is premed (or at least applies as an undergrad), which means that it eliminates a lot of the direct competition seen at undergrads like Hopkins and Berkeley (where up to 25% of the graduating class can be premed). It helps that MIT is largely comprised of engineers who do not give two hoots about premeds, so it really reduces a lot of the gunner culture that people have come to associate being a premed with. Of course, if you only survey Course 7 and 9 students, then the premed percentage might jump suddenly to 30-50%, but for the most part it still doesnt feel cutthroat largely because MIT is so difficult. At the end of the day, you will feel like you are competing to gain a good understanding of the material so you can get a good grade in the course, not so that you can beat out your classmates for the A. Yes, at the end of the day, the grades for the majority of the premed and biology classes are still assigned via an adjusted curve where only a certain percentage of the class gets As and the other portion of the class gets Bs and Cs, but I have never really felt (except for one class) like my classmates were beating me out of the A range. Coming from a student who had just as many Bs (mainly B+s, since MIT doesnt give extra GPA for +s and -s) as As in science classes, thats saying a lot. This is one of the best things about being a premed at MIT you can really focus on getting a good grasp of the material without being caught in the web of grade-grubbing which is so common among premeds. MIT is THE PLACE if you want to enter into academic medicine (eg. MD-PhD) or you are interested in research in biomedical engineering or biotechnology. I have yet to hear about a school that offers such a comprehensive package of research opportunities to undergraduate students through the UROP program (if you have, please let me know). The opportunities here to do research are simply outstanding, and it is incredible that students with NO benchwork experience can get a fully-funded research job as early as their freshman year (I am a case in point). We have several Nobel Prize laureates that you can work with, and recently I just realized that EVERY ONE of the three science professors who wrote my medical school recommendation letters are National Academy of Science members (not an easy feat). These kinds of opportunities and connections open a lot of doors if you are interested in academic medicine down the road, and if you can manage to squeeze in a publication or two before you graduate, you basically wrote yourself a ticket to one of the best medical schools in the country. Extensive connections with MGH (Mass General Hospital) and the Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology (HST, or one of the best MD-PhD programs around) are available to undergrads conveniently. MIT applicants not applying as research MD candidates, however, have a more difficult time in the application process due to both stereotyping Just everyone who you will meet for the rest of your life, you will get stereotyped when you tell them that you are a MIT student. Medical school admission committee members (adcoms) are no exception. If you are applying from MIT and is not extensively involved in research, you better have something else that is strong to back up your application, because the logical question to ask is why no research from MIT? I am not saying that it is impossible to get into a top med school without research from MIT (I know many that didnt go the research route) but it is most often the logical path for premeds here. If you choose to not follow that path, then you will have to be more of a trailblazer of sorts, because you really have to seek out the thing that interests you. Also, be prepared for that inevitable question from adcoms during the interview trail about research, because the commonly perceived notion is that undergrads go to MIT to do research. and the rigors of MIT coursework. It is no secret that MIT is hard. Often, however, I believe that although the training and the dozens of hours that we spend preparing for a test really stretches or academic capabilities, it is excessive for the purposes of being premed and preparing for the MCAT. As I pointed out in my opinion piece, we have to study so much at MIT just to get a B in our premed classes that we are forced to sacrifice time that could easily be spent in pursuing extracurricular and research activities. This is fine if you are really smart and can get As at MIT without too much work, but for the rest of us, we have to sacrifice a lot of time just to maintain our GPAs at MIT so that we can be successful at jumping through the basic hoops of med school application. The MIT Effect is often overrated. Rachel Bandler points out in her piece that: medical schools will understand that the work at MIT is harder than elsewhere, and so an occasional B is not a nightmare that will end your career. True, but multiple Bs (more Bs and As) will ruin your chances at a top medical school*. There is a MIT Effect in the sense that your interviewer is likely to look at your file and remark, wow, youre from MIT! you must be really smart but that is probably as far as the Effect gets you. You dont get 0.2 magically appended to your GPA in the committee review. * Studying != automatic A at MIT. You might try your hardest and still not end up with the grade that you want. Keeping these points in mind, is it possible to succeed at being premed at MIT without too much stress? Of course HINDSIGHT IS 20/20: PREMED EDITION 1. Figure out where you stand in MIT academically ASAP (the GIRs will give you a good picture). Are you at the top of the class, the middle of the pack, or trailing behind? The earlier you figure this out, the earlier you can figure out the academic path that you should be taking at MIT (how many classes to take, how many activities you can be comfortably involved inetc.) 2. Plan out your academic schedule carefully so you achieve a good balance of all classes as early as your freshman year. Aim to finish your premed science core classes (science GIRs and 5.12, plus 7.03 and 7.05 if you are course 7)   by the end of sophomore year, so you can take the MCAT sophomore summer. 3. Never take a class for granted and always aim for the A. If you cant figure out what you are doing wrong in a course, seek help ASAP from TAs, the prof, or upperclassmen. Dont be afraid to drop and retake. 4. Get into a research lab ASAP (as early as your freshman year), and figure out whether you enjoy research. If you dont, get the lab experience (that will probably be helpful for your lab classes if youre a life sciences major or summer internships) and then use that time to do something else that you are truly passionate about. 5. Seek out meaningful clinical and volunteering activities. Do the things that matter to you, not just things to tick off on your application. Yes, a good GPA and a good MCAT are checkboxes on that list, but use your years at MIT to figure out about what it is about healthcare that interests you. Just like anyone can tell you, you will be asked this question a lot on the interview trail, so the earlier you can figure it out the better! 6. Being a doctor is not a fallback career. I truly believe that MIT students should not be doctors if they dont have an interest in going into medicine there is probably something else that you are better suited (and gifted) to do. It is mildly irritating when people say, oh, I started being premed because I didnt know what else to do. Part of the journey of being a premed is figuring out what exactly it is that interests you about the field of medicine, so dont overlook this important part of being a premed. 7. Relax and dont stress out too much. MIT is a fun place, and dont spend all your time stressing about about MCAT and med school applications. Whatever comes will come. Foresight and planning is good, but obsession (especially about grades) is not. 8. Also, there is no rush to go into med school right after senior year. On the interview trail, many of the most interesting applicants are those that had taken time off to do cool things following graduation before applying for medical school. If you have something else youd rather do, go ahead and do it! One of the applicants I met on my Harvard interview day took five years off to start a NGO in India, and I thought that was really awesome. Good luck! As always, leave any questions you have in the comments about being premed and I will get back to you. :) Post Tagged #Pre-Med

Underage Drinking The Best Years Of Your Life - 1596 Words

College is often referred to as the best years of your life. During these years you get to be more independent, finally have a say in what you want to learn about, and more commonly than not indulge in risky behavior. The definition of risky behavior in the case means underage drinking. Alcohol is a big part of the college experience for many, and for others they do not want anything to do with alcohol. Whether college students choose to indulge in drinking alcohol or not it still can affect them. A student may choose to not go to a party if there is drinking, or they may not choose to go watch a football game at a certain restaurant because it happens to be on one dollar beer night. One place that alcohol is almost guaranteed to be at those is college parties. Many students choose to relax after a long week by going to a party. At these parties alcohol is in abundance, drinking games are played, and for many bad decisions are made. The bad decisions can be costly for the student fro m a ticket for deciding to drive home, getting a minor in possession if the student is of age to have alcohol, or even getting kicked out of the dorms for being a repeat offender of alcohol in the dorm hall. The root of the majority of parties is always rumored to start in one particular place. That place being fraternities. Fraternities have been seen as the root of all college parties for ages. There are T.V. shows and movies that portray fraternities as just that, the root of college parties.Show MoreRelatedShould People Underage The 21 Drink? No942 Words   |  4 PagesShould people underage the 21 drink ? No,the effects on the body are horrible . www.Teenalcoholabuse.us/content/underage-drinking-consequernces.html, say that some long terms effects of underage drinking include brain damage psychologica, dependent on alcohol,memory and learning problems . And besides that there s a law that says you have to be at least 21 to drink . First there are the horrible physical affects of alcohol.Ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/welcom.reatures/20090902-teen-drinking/inc â€Å"AlcoholRead MoreUnderage Drinking Essays1216 Words   |  5 Pageswho is under the legal alcohol drinking age. Fewer situations are more life threatening than when an underage driver has been illegally consuming alcohol, yet persists in the belief that he or she retains the ability to drive safely. Thoughts along this line are foolish at best and deadly at worst. Unfortunately the worst case scenario is all to often a common occurance among intoxicated teenage drivers. Obataining a complete grasp of the effects of underage drinking and driving require not only simpleRead MoreEssay on Alcohol and Teens: The Effects of Teenage Drinking1520 Words   |  7 Pages When at a party, a student sees another teenager drinking a beer. Thinking nothing of it, the teenager picks up a large bottle labeled Vodka and beings to chug the contents of the bottle. The alcohol rushes through her body and she suddenly has a sense of feeling free and letting loose. The next thing the teena ge girl remembers is waking up in a hospital bed to her mother crying by her bed side. The only thing her mom could say was â€Å"Honey, please wake up. Please be okay, I want you to beRead MoreThe Debate Of The Drinking Age959 Words   |  4 PagesThe drinking age has always been twenty-one in the United States, whenever it has been questioned on why twenty-one and not eighteen. The scientific answer has always been because the eighteen-year-old brain is not fully developed yet. See what I have a hard time understanding is why eighteen-year-olds are considered adults at the age of eighteen, but we can’t have a drink. At eighteen you are allowed to buy cigarettes, join the army, change your name. I just don’t understand why at eighteen youRead MoreThe Use of Alcohol905 Words   |  4 Pagesmedical purposes. 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A study done in 2003 by the U.S Department of Health and Human Resources shows that most teenagers start drinking at the age of fourteenRead More Under Age? Essay example605 Words   |  3 Pages Eighteen year old people should be allowed to drink alcohol. When our 18th birthday roles around we become of legal age. We sign for the draft and become eligible to fight for our country. Its possible now to be charged as an adult and spend life in prison and we can now purchase tobacco products and all other drug paraphernalia. I cant drink beer though, I must wait till my 21st birthday. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As a teenager who recently turned 18 and is now of legal age my point is validRead MoreThe Smoking Age Should Be Legal Drinking Age1517 Words   |  7 Pageswhile the drinking age remains 21. Parents make a big difference and can prevent this from happening and I have to agree 100% that the drinking age has saved hundreds of young peoples lives. As stated in Minimum Legal Drinking Age 21 and why it should stay there, â€Å"People who drink before they are 21 are also more likely to take part in risky behavior such as having unprotected sex.† The result of this is just numerous amounts of accidental pregnancies and STD’s being between many underage young humanRead MoreDo not Lower the Legal Drinking Age825 Words   |  3 Pages Through the years of Prohibition halting the sale, shipping, and ingestion of alcohol and the constitutional acts delegating who is accurately fit to drink. Today’s controversy is a lot less infringing on personal rights. It’s regarding whether the legal drinking age should be lowered from twenty-one to eighteen. This has been a huge controversy geared exclusively towards college students due to the fact that alcohol consumption at universities is the definitive part of campus life even though theRead MoreWhy The Drinking Age Should Be Lowered908 Words   |  4 PagesWhy the Drinking Age should be lowered to 18? At the age of 18, American Citizens gain the immense responsibility of becoming an adult. When you turn 18 you gain a sense of adulthood and many things that were illegal for you before are now legal. Object lessons are the right to sign a contract, vote in elections, attend on a jury, make a will, get married without parental permission and the list goes on. For what reason is it that you aren t old enough to purchase and consume alcohol. The passage

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee - 830 Words

I did not expect that I would like To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee as much as I do. Written from the perspective of Scout, a young girl in the 1930’s, this book takes a look at many issues, including racism and sexism, all from the innocent eyes of a child. This book reveals many of the issues and struggles faced during the Great Depression. So far, this book is excellently written. Scout, Jem, and Dill are very complex characters. At first, I thought they were very old; Jem and Scout seem much too intelligent to both be under the age of ten. My first impressions of Scout, Jem, and Dill are basically the same as they are now. I still think Scout is sassy, passive aggressive, and impulsive. She is also a tomboy. At first, Jem seemed almost angelic, like he could do no wrong. He always played with his sister, tried to be a gentleman, etc. Jem is a good kid, but he tends to show off and is sometimes mean to Scout, like when he and Dill refused to talk to her. Dill is a small boy with a huge imagination. â€Å"Dill Harris could tell the biggest ones I ever heard.† (Ch. 5, pg. 52). I can relate to Scout the most. I also have an older brother that I used to play with all the time, but he was sometimes rude and called me names, much like Jem when he calls Scout too much of a girl. Though I may not have been as intelligent or sassy, I was definitely a tomboy. Though this book is written from a young girl’s point of view, even in the first hundred pages there are various forms ofShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: How a Story could be based on True Events in Everyday LifeDaisy GaskinsCoastal Pines Technical Collegeâ€Æ'Harper Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama. Her father was a former newspaper editor and proprietor, who had served as a state senator and practiced as a lawyer in Monroeville. Also Finch was known as the maiden name of Lee’s mother. With that being said Harp er Lee became a writer like her father, but she became a American writer, famous for her race relations novel â€Å"ToRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesworld-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the difference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had three siblings: two sisters and an older brother. She and her siblings grew up modestlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreHarper Lee and to Kill a Mockingbird931 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee and her Works Harper Lee knew first hand about the life in the south in the 1930s. She was born in Monroeville, Alabama in 1926 (Castleman 2). Harper Lee was described by one of her friends as Queen of the Tomboys (Castleman 3). Scout Finch, the main character of Lees Novel, To Kill a Mockinbird, was also a tomboy. Many aspects of To Kill a Mockingbird are autobiographical (Castleman 3). Harper Lees parents were Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. She was the youngestRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates that â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird† throughout the novel by writing innocent characters that have been harmed by evil. Tom Robinson’s persecution is a symbol for the death of a mockingbird. The hunters shooting the bird would in this case be the Maycomb County folk. Lee sets the time in the story in the early 1950s, when the Great Depression was going on and there was pov erty everywhere. The mindset of people back then was that blackRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through the trial in part two of the novelRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1052 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama in the late 30s early 40s , after the great depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread throughout the United States. Why is the preconception of racism, discrimination, and antagonism so highly related to some of the characters in this book? People often have a preconceived idea or are biased about one’s decision to live, dress, or talk. Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee examines the preconceptionRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1695 Words   |  7 PagesIn To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee presents as a ‘tired old town’ where the inhabitants have ‘nowhere to go’ it is set in the 1930s when prejudices and racism were at a peak. Lee uses Maycomb town to highlight prejudices, racism, poverty and social inequality. In chapter 2 Lee presents the town of Maycomb to be poverty stricken, emphasised through the characterisation of Walter Cunningham. When it is discovered he has no lunch on the first day of school, Scout tries to explain the situation to MissRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1197 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as crops, houses, and land, and money was awfully limited. These conflicts construct Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mocking Bird. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, Lee establishes the concurrence of good and evil, meaning whether people are naturally good or naturally evil. Lee uses symbolism, characterization, and plot to portray the instinctive of good and evil. To Kill a Mocking Bird, a novel by Harper Lee takes place during the 1930s in the Southern United States. The protagonist, Scout Finch,Read MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1656 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Mockingbirds don’t do any harm but make music for us †¦ that’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird†, is a famous quote from the book To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Atticus, the father of the main character Scout, says this to her and her brother Jem when they receive rifles for Christmas. This book is considered a classic due to the allegory between the book title and the trial that occurs about halfway through the book. In the beginning of To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout is six. She is an innocent

Online safety Free Essays

Online safety is an important activity that is a must for every small, medium and multinational company. There are many web tools available that screen the net hackers and bad guys. Below every web site there is a privacy statement which authenticates that the visitor must comply with the terms and conditions of web site that it will not be used for any illegal purposes. We will write a custom essay sample on Online safety or any similar topic only for you Order Now Similarly there is a possibility of fraudulent transactions by entering fraud credit and debit card numbers which creates chaos and revenue for online businesses. For preventing all these unforeseen hurdles, online companies delivery goods only after the credit /debit card payment is received which is safe and secured transaction. Google Hack Honeypot (GHH) is a web tool for tracking net hackers that is launched by Google company. Google being a billion dollar multinational company, and the web site google. com is used by millions of internet users who seek information and in the year 2005, Google recorded 8 billion pages and from the view point of Google company, tracking of net hackers with malicious intentions is essential in order to counterattack. Similarly for the online safety of consumer, U. S Government has also passed several policies that individual companies must issue formulas to ensure customer privacy online and customer information must be kept confidential and should not be easily accessed by any other company web sites. Conclusion Good use of technology, breeds good results whereas illegal works have to be tracked as damage is caused to the public as well to businesses. Therefore, authentication and SSL have to be served at every level for ensuring safety and security of information of companies. How to cite Online safety, Papers

Mass Communication free essay sample

Departmental structures within such colleges may separate research and instruction in professional or technical aspects of . Mass communication research includes media institutions and processes, such as diffusion of information, and media effects, such as persuasion or manipulation of public opinion. With the Internets increased role in delivering news and information, mass communication studies and media organizations have increasingly focused on the convergence of publishing, broadcasting and digital communication. The academic mass communication discipline historically differs from media studies and communication studies programs with roots in departments of theatre, film or speech, and with more interest in qualitative, interpretive theory, critical or cultural approaches to communication study. In contrast, many mass communication programs historically lean toward empirical analysis and quantitative research from statistical content analysis of media messages to survey research, public opinion polling, and experimental research. Interest in New Media and Computer Mediated Communication is growing much faster than educational institutions can assimilate it. We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So far, traditional classes and degree programs have not been able to accommodate new paradigm shifts in communication technologies. Although national standards for the study of interactive media have been in place in the U. K. since the mid-nineties, course work in these areas tends to vary significantly from university to university. Graduates of Mass Communication programs work in a variety of fields in traditional news media and publishing, advertising, public relations and research institutes. Mass Communication free essay sample According to historical evidence, oral exchange of news was the common method of communication in ancient India, whereas the modern medium of communication system was originated since the end of the eighteenth century. The present inquiry deals with variety of sub topics when analyzing Indian mass media. The coverage, popularity, diversification, westernization, commercialization, technology, entertainment, education, politics, sex, violence, women and children, are some of such topics which are deeply and sociologically analyzed in the study. The print media, Radio, TV, and Films are taken into account as comprised of Indian mass media throughout the study. Having understood that the nature of mass media is determined by social conditions, a Herculean attempt is made to understand Indian mass media as a manifestation of social implications in association with the society of India. According to study, Indian mass media is a symbol as well as a reflection of India society, which is extremely heterogeneous, diverse, and most importantly, a place of wide range of opinions. We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These criteria are relative, since the earliest forms of mass media (the printed book or pamphlet) were limited to the minority of a society that happened to be [emailprotected] com 20 literate and relatively close to the place of publication. There has been a continuous line of development of technologies since the earliest forms of media (rock paintings) to the latest digital forms that have expanded the capacity, speed and efficiency of transmission (McQuail, 2000). Meanwhile, as Block (1979) argues, mass media refers to methods of message transmission over space and time. Media involves a communication process by which messages are sent through space; both the [emailprotected] com Tilak Wijesundara International Journal of Communicology 2011;1(1) channels have come into existence and have been attracted by millions of listeners. Moreover, in India, Television made a humble debut when Doordarshan (DD) was initiated in 1959. Today, Television service is available throughout the country, directly as terrestrial TV and through cable operators, as satellite TV. When taking Films into consideration, India? s first Film was screened in 1896. Today, Indian Film industry which is widely known as â€Å"Bolliwood† is the largest Film industry in the world, producing over 800 Films annually. The present inquiry deals with variety of sub topics when analyzing Indian mass media. The coverage, popularity, diversification, westernization, commercialization, technology, entertainment, education, politics, sex, violence, women and children, are some of such topics which are deeply and sociologically analyzed in this regard. The print media, Radio, TV, and Films are taken into account as comprised of Indian mass media throughout the study. Having understood that the nature of mass media is determined by social conditions, a Himalayan attempt is made to understand Indian mass media as a manifestation of social implications prevalent in association with the society of India. It is due to this reason that a Sociological analysis is applied throughout the study as it bringsthe hidden realities of Indian society in general and its mass media in particular. Popularity Although it is evident that the overall popularity of mass media has been increasing, it is notable that this popularity varies in different media. In colonial India, print media had acquired an immense popularity among people as the vehicle of 21 sender and receiver devote time within that process (Hornic, Schlinger, 1981). So, in generally, as McQuail (2000) points out, it is not incorrect to denote the idea that the term „mass media? is shorthand to describe means of communication that operate on a large scale, reaching and involving virtually everyone in a society to a greater or lesser degree. It refers to a number of media that are now longestablished and familiar, such as newspapers, magazines, film, radio, television and the phonograph (recorded music). As historical factors indicate, oral exchange of news was the common method of communication in ancient India. As Malhan (1992) illustrates, religions and religious places (places of worship) employed every available medium of communication in that period. In addition, bathing places, tanks, riverbanks, sea shores, chopals also acted as forms of communication. It is also evident that educational institutions equally played a significant role in activating the process of communication in India in the past. The modern medium of communication system is seen to be originated in the land of India since the end of the eighteenth century. The print media came into existence at the end of the eighteenth century symbolizing the first modern medium of communication and information. Indian press today is one of the largest in the world with more than 30,000 Newspapers published with an annual circulation that exceeds 55 million copies. Meanwhile, it is true to state that India was among one of the earliest countries to adopt broadcasting. The cable subscriber base has increased from around 0. 05 million in the early 90s? to around 24 million by 1999-2000. Today, it is possible to view over 75 channels over satellite cable Television. In any case, as many studies do suggest, the prevalence of audio-visual media has not crippled the popularity of films. As Malhan (1992) suggests, even though TV and Video provide most of the ingredients within the home with all the comforts, people still prefer to see pictures on wider screens in crowded halls. In fact, Films provide the most direct communication to the mind and images do not need to be translated to be understood. It cuts language barriers and can be enjoyed by both the educated and the fool alike. The songs and dances in Films are immensely popular among masses and popular Film stars live in the hearts of common people for generations. What is interesting to see is that Western audiences are becoming more interested in Indian Films, which has made Indian Films a global phenomenon. Diversification The diversification has been a notable feature in Indian mass media. This symbolizes the diversity of India? s people. In 2001, India had 45,974 newspapers 22 independent movement and the voice of the people. Nevertheless, it is evident that this popularity shifted to Radio and TV with their emergence as audio-visual media, and this shift is significant after independence. Simultaneously, newspapers made a detachment of the general public. It is true that newspapers today have become a class medium. According to the present estimates, newspapers are purchased and read by less than 20% of India? s total population. Meanwhile, the broadcasting media have the capacity to reach out to the people in every four corners of the country. By indicating the popularity of Indian Radio, Malhan (1992) illustrates, â€Å"as a comparatively low cost spoken word medium, it has become a constant companion for farmers, workers, travelers, sports lovers and for all those who are interested in news, music, drama, quiz programs, farm bulletins, or views of eminent persons on public affairs. Because of its low cost and easy availability, it has been a common man? s paradise, and for people, a symbol of social respectability as well. However, it is incorrect to mention that the existence of print media has been totally paralyzed today, rather, evidence indicate that particularly the book publishing industry has been growing at an exceedingly higher level, with around 10,000 publishers and around 40,000 new titles every year. The domestic publishing market is in fact one of largest in the world today. Since its beginning, Television has acquired an immense popularity as the key media in the world. According to one idea, it is clear that Television is central to the processes of media saturation. Indeed, Television is central to modern society altogether (Abercrombie, 1997). The popularity of Television symbolizes the increase of [emailprotected] com [emailprotected] com Tilak Wijesundara International Journal of Communicology 2011;1(1) large country where many languages are spoken. Each of the larger languages supports its own Film industry: Urdu/Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam. Accordingly, the Indian film industry is placed in diverse regions as follows; ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The Hindi/Urdu film industry, based on Mumbai is called „Bollywood The Marathi film industry, based on Mumbai and Pune The Tamil film industry, based on Chennai, Tamilnadu The Bengali film industry, based on Kolkata, West Begall The kannada film industry, based on the state of Karnataka The Telugu film industry, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh based on including 5364 daily newspapers published in over 100 languages. The largest number of newspapers were published in Hindi (20,589), followed by English (7,596), Marathi (2,943), Urdu (2,906), Bengali (2,741), Gujarati (2,215), Tamil (2,119), Kannada (1,816), Malayalam (1,505), and Telugu (1,289). The diversification is also apparent in Indian Broadcasting media. For instance, All India Radio? s (AIR) programs have been diversified over the years. Today, its home service programs are transmitted for 3. 91 hours every year. In addition, there are also external service transmissions which present programs in 17 foreign languages and 8 Indian languages for over 56 hours daily. AIR broadcasts programs for special audiences and occasions. Specific programs are relayed for the armed forces, women and children, youth students, industrial workers, and rural and tribal people. Fourteen stations broadcast daily programs twice a week in regional languages for women with the objective of providing entertainment and imparting information on household topics. Programs on family welfare, a very important information sector for the welfare of the women are planned and produced by 36 family welfare units at various broadcasting networks. These programs are integrated with the general programs as well as those meant for special audiences like rural, folk, women, youth, and industrial workers (Malhan,1992). Indian Television has achieved an immense success in reaching wide range of viewers. The prevalence of over 75 channels itself indicates its veracity. Doordarshan (DD) alone offers diverse national, regional, and local service for Indian Television viewers. The diversification is immensely visible in association with Indian Films. India is a [emailprotected] com The Malayalam film industry, based on the state of Kerala What all these factors suggest is that Indian mass media are highly diversified in order to access multitude of people. Commercialization/ Westernization In the present scenario, it has been often put forward the fact that Indian mass media are enormously subject to commercialization and Westernization. This is particularly true with regard to Television and Cinema. As D? Souza (1998) indicates, contemporary film making is a big financing venture more than ever before. It is usually controlled by commercial consideration rather than the demand o the art. Films make no demands on the power of thinking, rather, ignore it for the sake of commerce. This argument is supported by Malhan (1992) when he denotes the fact that the Cinema after independence is predominately commercial so far as feature films are concerned. 23 [emailprotected] com Tilak Wijesundara International Journal of Communicology 2011;1(1) advertisements or advertorials is disguised as news. Whatever it is, it can be assumed that the process of commercialization and westernization have been in a tremendous enhancement after 1990s than ever before, with the introduction of liberalization and privatization policies. Technology It is crystal clear that all the mainstream mass media in India are under the impact of high technological appliances. As Malhan (1992) indicates, the advanced technologies such as adaptation of satellite communication and broadcasting, electronic printing, electronic and digital technology, extensive use of Tele-communication, internet and computer machinery are enormously benefited by the print media today. Television and Radio too has no exception in this direction. Moreover, Indian Cinema is in extreme use of new and effective technology in the process of Film making, recording and screening. However, as D? Souza (1998) points out, even though India has been using an increasing level of technology, very powerful political and economic forces have gained control over technology in general and communication system in particular. This has obstructed the communication flow from and to the grass root level. What is indeed true is that Indian mass media today are in the hands of few business houses and companies. As Sahay et al (2006) remarks, the most visible change is the growing influence of commercial departments in the media companies in India.